Unfolding the Atmospheric Muon Flux with {IceCube}: Investigating Stopping Muons and High-Energy Prompt Contributions
Atmospheric muons produced in cosmic-ray air showers are classified as conventional muons from pion and kaon decays and prompt muons from heavy hadron decays. Conventional muons dominate at lower energies, and the prompt component becomes dominant at {PeV} energies and above. Precisely measuring the atmospheric muon flux from a few {GeV} to several {PeV} is valuable for advancing our understanding of cosmic-ray interactions and testing hadronic interaction models. Low-energy muons that stop within the {IceCube} in-ice array provide valuable information about the energy spectrum of muons from a few hundred {GeV} up to 10 {TeV}. Machine learning techniques are employed to enhance event reconstruction and selection to provide insights into the conventional and prompt components. This contribution presents the unfolding of the energy spectrum of stopping muons in {IceCube} as well as the unfolding of high-energy muons to probe the prompt component.
- Published in:
Proceedings of 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference — {PoS}({ICRC}2025) - Type:
Inproceedings - Authors:
- Year:
2025 - Source:
https://pos.sissa.it/501/281/
Citation information
: Unfolding the Atmospheric Muon Flux with {IceCube}: Investigating Stopping Muons and High-Energy Prompt Contributions, Proceedings of 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference — {PoS}({ICRC}2025), 2025, 501, 281, September, https://pos.sissa.it/501/281/, IceCube.etal.2025a,
@Inproceedings{IceCube.etal.2025a,
author={{IceCube}; Abbasi, Rasha; Ackermann, Markus; Adams, Jenni; Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar; Aguilar, Juanan; Ahlers, Markus; Alameddine, Jean-Marco; Ali, Shoukat; Amin, Najia Moureen Binte; Andeen, Karen; Argüelles, Carlos; Ashida, Yosuke; Athanasiadou, Sofia; Axani, Spencer; Babu, Rishi; Bai, Xinhua; Baines-Holmes, Joe; Balagopal V, Aswathi; Barwick, Steven W.; Bash, Simeon; Basu, Vedant; Bay, Ryan; Beatty, James; Becker Tjus, Julia; Behrens, Philipp; Beise, Jakob; Bellenghi, Chiara; Benkel, Bruno; BenZvi, Segev; Berley, David; Bernardini, Elisa; Besson, Dave; Blaufuss, Erik; Bloom, Lucas; Blot, Summer; Bodo, Ilya; Bontempo, Federico; Book Motzkin, Julia; Boscolo Meneguolo, Caterina; Boser, Sebastian; Botner, Olga; Bottcher, Jakob; Braun, Jim; Brinson, Bennett; Brisson-Tsavoussis, Zoe; Burley, Ryan T.; Butterfield, Delaney; Campana, Michael; Carloni, Kiara; Carpio, Jose; Chattopadhyay, Sharmistha; Chau, Thien Nhan; Chen, Zheyang; Chirkin, Dmitry; Choi, Seowon; Clark, Brian; Coleman, Alan; Coleman, Peter John Cusack; Collin, Gabriel; Coloma Borja, Diego Alberto; Connolly, Amy; Conrad, Janet; Corley, Rebecca; Cowen, Doug; De Clercq, Catherine; DeLaunay, James; Delgado, Diyaselis; Delmeulle, Thomas; Deng, Shuyang; Desiati, Paolo; de Vries, Krijn; de Wasseige, Gwenhaël; DeYoung, Tyce; Diaz-Velez, Juan Carlos; DiKerby, Stephen; Dittmer, Markus; Domi, Alba; Draper, Lincoln; Dueser, Lasse; Durnford, Daniel; Dutta, Kaustav; DuVernois, Michael; Ehrhardt, Thomas; Eidenschink, Leonhard; Eimer, Anna; Eller, Philipp; Ellinger, Enrico; Elsässer, Dominik; Engel, Ralph; Erpenbeck, Hannah; Esmail, Waleed; Eulig, Steven; Evans, John; Evenson, Paul; Fan, Kwok Lung; Fang, Ke; Farrag, Kareem Ramadan; Fazely, Ali; Fedynitch, Anatoli; Feigl, Nora; Finley, Chad; Fischer, Leander; Fox, Derek B.; Franckowiak, Anna; Fukami, Satoshi; Furst, Philipp; Gallagher, John; Ganster, Erik; Garcia, Alfonso; Garcia, Miles; Garg, Gopal; Genton, Eliot; Gerhardt, Lisa; Ghadimi, Ava; Glaser, Christian; Glüsenkamp, Thorsten; Gonzalez, Javier; Goswami, Sreetama; Granados, Alejandra; Grant, Darren; Gray, Shannon; Griffin, Sean; Griswold, Spencer; Groth, Kathrine Morch; Guevel, David Joseph; Günther, Christoph; Gutjahr, Pascal; Ha, Chang Hyon; Haack, Christian; Hallgren, Allan; Halve, Lasse; Halzen, Francis; Hamacher, Leon; Ha Minh, Martin; Handt, Michael; Hanson, Kael; Hardin, John; Harnisch, Alexander; Hatch, Patrick; Haungs, Andreas; Haussler, Jonas; Helbing, Klaus; Hellrung, Jonas; Henke, Brandon; Hennig, Lukas; Henningsen, Felix; Heuermann, Lars Philipp; Hewett, Rhia; Heyer, Nils; Hickford, Stephanie; Hidvegi, Attila; Hill, Colton; Hill, Gary; Hmaid, Ramy; Hoffman, Kara; Hooper, Dan; Hori, Sam; Hoshina, Kotoyo; Hostert, Matheus; Hou, Wenjie; Huber, Thomas; Hultqvist, Klas; Hymon, Karolin; Ishihara, Aya; Iwakiri, Wataru; Jacquart, Marc; Jain, Samyak; Janik, Oliver; Jansson, Matti; Jeong, Minjin; Jin, Miaochen; Kamp, Nicholas; Kang, Donghwa; Kang, Woosik; Kang, Xinyue; Kappes, Alexander; Kardum, Leonora; Karg, Timo; Karl, Martina; Karle, Albrecht; Katil, Akanksha; Kauer, Matt; Kelley, John; Khanal, Manish; Khatee Zathul, Arifa; Kheirandish, Ali; KimKu, Hani; Kiryluk, Joanna; Klein, Carolin; Klein, Spencer; Kobayashi, Yukiho; Kochocki, Alina; Koirala, Ramesh; Kolanoski, Hermann; Kontrimas, Tomas; Kopke, Lutz; Kopper, Claudio; Koskinen, Jason; Koundal, Paras; Kowalski, Marek; Kozynets, Tetiana; Krieger, Niclas; Jayakumar, Krishnamoorthi; Krishnan, Tanvi; Kruiswijk, Karlijn; Krupczak, Emmett; Kumar, Anil; Kun, Emma; Kurahashi, Naoko; Lad, Neha Navnitkumar; Lagunas Gualda, Cristina; Lallement Arnaud, Louise; Lamoureux, Mathieu; Larson, Michael J.; Lauber, Frederik Hermann; Lazar, Jeffrey; Leonard DeHolton, Kayla; Leszczynska, Agnieszka; Liao, Jiyuan; Lin, Chace; Liu, Yitong; Liubarska, Maria; Love, Christy; Lu, Lu; Lucarelli, Francesco; Luszczak, William; Lyu, Yang; Madsen, Jim; Magnus, Else; Mahn, Kendall; Makino, Yuya; Manao, Elena; Mancina, Sarah; Mand, Alicia; Maris, Ioana Codrina; Marka, Szabolcs; 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Pyras, Lilly; Raab, Christoph; Rack-Helleis, John; Rad, Navid; Ravn, Martin Langgård; Rawlins, Katherine; Rechav, Zoe; Rehman, Abdul; Reistroffer, Ian; Resconi, Elisa; Reusch, Simeon; Rho, Chang Dong; Rhode, Wolfgang; Ricca, Leonardo; Riedel, Benedikt; Rifaie, Adam; Roberts, Ella; Robertson, Sally; Rongen, Martin; Rosted, Aske; Rott, Carsten; Ruhe, Tim; Ruohan, Li; Ryckbosch, Dirk; Saffer, Julian; Salazar-Gallegos, Daniel; Sampathkumar, Pranav; Sandrock, Alexander; Sanger-Johnson, Grace; Santander, Marcos; Sarkar, Subir; Savelberg, Joelle; Scarnera, Marco; Schaile, Patrick; Schaufel, Merlin; Schieler, Harald; Schindler, Sebastian; Schlickmann, Lea; Schlüter, Berit; Schlüter, Felix; Schmeisser, Nick; Schmidt, Torsten; Schröder, Frank; Schumacher, Lisa; Schwirn, Sonke; Sclafani, Stephen; Seckel, David; Seen, Leo; Seikh, Mohammad Ful Hossain; Seunarine, Suruj; Sevle Myhr, Per Arne; Shah, Riya; Shefali, Shefali; N, Shimizu; Skrzypek, Barbara; Snihur, Robert; Soedingrekso, Jan; Sogaard, Andreas; 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title={Unfolding the Atmospheric Muon Flux with {IceCube}: Investigating Stopping Muons and High-Energy Prompt Contributions},
booktitle={Proceedings of 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference — {PoS}({ICRC}2025)},
volume={501},
pages={281},
month={September},
url={https://pos.sissa.it/501/281/},
year={2025},
abstract={Atmospheric muons produced in cosmic-ray air showers are classified as conventional muons from pion and kaon decays and prompt muons from heavy hadron decays. Conventional muons dominate at lower energies, and the prompt component becomes dominant at {PeV} energies and above. Precisely measuring the atmospheric muon flux from a few {GeV} to several {PeV} is valuable for advancing our...}}